Text editions and licenses
This is a free, noncommercial public beta. Each passage identifies its edition and source. The license attached to a text applies to that text; it is not a blanket license for the whole application.
Berean Bible texts are in the public domain. Other editions have the notices below. Creative Commons excerpts retain their indicated licenses; excerpts are selected and reformatted as described in their credits. Sanhedrin 43a uses a noncommercial edition and must be replaced or separately licensed before commercial use.
External websites linked or embedded by the reader have their own terms. Linking does not grant permission to reproduce their contents.
Passage audio
Selected passages are narrated using ElevenLabs, with the Dallin voice. Recordings were generated under a paid Creator subscription. Audio follows the credited translation; its source attribution and applicable license remain in force. Tacitus narration uses the Church–Brodribb / Perseus text and is offered under CC BY-SA 4.0. Passage audio manifests record the source credit, generation settings and timing method.
Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 42:1–3
J. B. Lightfoot · 1891
Clement of Rome, 1 Clement. J. B. Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers, edited and completed by J. R. Harmer (Macmillan, 1891), p. 75. Public-domain translation. Transcription: Early Christian Writings; checked against the printed edition.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 5:2–7
J. B. Lightfoot · 1891
Clement of Rome, 1 Clement. J. B. Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers, edited and completed by J. R. Harmer (Macmillan, 1891), p. 59. Public-domain translation. Transcription: Early Christian Writings; checked against the printed edition.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Cicero, Against Verres 2.5.118–120
C. D. Yonge · Perseus
Cicero, Against Verres. C. D. Yonge, The Orations of Marcus Tullius Cicero, volume I (source metadata: 1903). Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University; canonical-latinLit transcription, CC BY-SA 4.0. Excerpted and reformatted; notes omitted, wording unchanged. This excerpt is provided under the same license.
Eusebius, Church History 2.1.4
Arthur Cushman McGiffert · 1890
Eusebius, Church History. Translated by Arthur Cushman McGiffert, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series II, Volume I (1890). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Eusebius, Church History 2.25.8
Arthur Cushman McGiffert · 1890
Eusebius, Church History. Translated by Arthur Cushman McGiffert, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series II, Volume I (1890). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Eusebius, Church History 2.23.4–18
Arthur Cushman McGiffert · 1890
Eusebius, Church History. Translated by Arthur Cushman McGiffert, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series II, Volume I (1890). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Eusebius, Church History 3.1
Arthur Cushman McGiffert · 1890
Eusebius, Church History. Translated by Arthur Cushman McGiffert, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series II, Volume I (1890). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Eusebius, Church History 5.20.5–6
Arthur Cushman McGiffert · 1890
Eusebius, Church History. Translated by Arthur Cushman McGiffert, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series II, Volume I (1890). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Eusebius, Church History 3.32
Arthur Cushman McGiffert · 1890
Eusebius, Church History. Translated by Arthur Cushman McGiffert, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, Series II, Volume I (1890). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Ignatius, Smyrnaeans 3:1–2
J. B. Lightfoot · 1891
Ignatius, Smyrnaeans. J. B. Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers, edited and completed by J. R. Harmer (Macmillan, 1891), p. 157. Public-domain translation. Transcription: Early Christian Writings; checked against the printed edition.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Irenaeus, Against Heresies 3.3.3
Alexander Roberts and William Rambaut · ANF 1 (1885)
Irenaeus, Against Heresies 3. Translated by Alexander Roberts and William Rambaut. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 1 (1885). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Irenaeus, Against Heresies 3.3.4
Alexander Roberts and William Rambaut · ANF 1 (1885)
Irenaeus, Against Heresies 3. Translated by Alexander Roberts and William Rambaut. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 1 (1885). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Josephus, Against Apion 2.211
William Whiston · 1737
Flavius Josephus. Translated by William Whiston (1737). Public-domain text in the USA. Source transcription: Project Gutenberg.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Josephus, Jewish War 4.317
William Whiston · 1737
Flavius Josephus. Translated by William Whiston (1737). Public-domain text in the USA. Source transcription: Project Gutenberg.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Josephus, Antiquities 20.200
William Whiston · 1737
Flavius Josephus. Translated by William Whiston (1737). Public-domain text in the USA. Source transcription: Project Gutenberg.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Josephus, Antiquities 18.3.3
William Whiston · 1737
Flavius Josephus. Translated by William Whiston (1737). Public-domain text in the USA. Source transcription: Project Gutenberg.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Josephus, Antiquities 4.202–203
William Whiston · 1737
Flavius Josephus. Translated by William Whiston (1737). Public-domain text in the USA. Source transcription: Project Gutenberg.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Josephus, Antiquities 4.219
William Whiston · 1737
Flavius Josephus. Translated by William Whiston (1737). Public-domain text in the USA. Source transcription: Project Gutenberg.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho 108
Marcus Dods and George Reith · ANF 1 (1885)
Justin Martyr, Dialogue with Trypho. Translated by Marcus Dods and George Reith. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 1 (1885). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Lucian, Death of Peregrinus 11–13
H. W. Fowler and F. G. Fowler · 1905
Lucian, The Death of Peregrine, in The Works of Lucian of Samosata, Volume IV. Translated by H. W. Fowler and F. G. Fowler (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905), pp. 82–83. Public-domain text in the USA. Transcription: Project Gutenberg, ebook 47242.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Mara bar-Serapion, Letter: the wise king
William Cureton · 1855
Mara, son of Serapion, Letter to his son. William Cureton, Spicilegium Syriacum (1855), pp. 73–74. Transcribed by Roger Pearse (2003). The source page explicitly permits public-domain reuse.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Mishnah Rosh Hashanah 1:8–9
Dr. Joshua Kulp · Mishnah Yomit
Mishnah Yomit, translated by Dr. Joshua Kulp, originally published by the Conservative Yeshiva. Source transcription: Sefaria. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0). Selected chapter reproduced with formatting and highlighting added; translation wording unchanged, including bracketed explanations.
Mishnah Sanhedrin 6:4–5
Dr. Joshua Kulp · Mishnah Yomit
Mishnah Yomit, translated by Dr. Joshua Kulp, originally published by the Conservative Yeshiva. Source transcription: Sefaria. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0). Selected chapter reproduced with formatting and highlighting added; translation wording unchanged, including bracketed explanations.
Mishnah Shevuot 4:1
Dr. Joshua Kulp · Mishnah Yomit
Mishnah Yomit, translated by Dr. Joshua Kulp, originally published by the Conservative Yeshiva. Source transcription: Sefaria. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0). Selected chapter reproduced with formatting and highlighting added; translation wording unchanged, including bracketed explanations.
Origen, Contra Celsum 2.56
Frederick Crombie · ANF 4 (1885)
Origen, Contra Celsum 2. Translated by Frederick Crombie. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 4 (1885). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Origen, Contra Celsum 2.59
Frederick Crombie · ANF 4 (1885)
Origen, Contra Celsum 2. Translated by Frederick Crombie. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 4 (1885). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Origen, Contra Celsum 2.77
Frederick Crombie · ANF 4 (1885)
Origen, Contra Celsum 2. Translated by Frederick Crombie. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 4 (1885). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Origen, Contra Celsum 3.55
Frederick Crombie · ANF 4 (1885)
Origen, Contra Celsum 3. Translated by Frederick Crombie. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 4 (1885). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Philo, Against Flaccus 83–84
C. D. Yonge · 1855
Philo, In Flaccum. C. D. Yonge, The Works of Philo Judaeus, volume IV (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1855). Public-domain translation; transcription by Bill Thayer, LacusCurtius. Website notes omitted.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Philo, Special Laws 3.150–152
C. D. Yonge · First1KGreek
Philo, Special Laws, book III. C. D. Yonge, The Works of Philo Judaeus, volume III (Henry G. Bohn; source metadata: 1855). OpenGreekAndLatin, First1KGreek transcription, CC BY-SA 4.0. Excerpted and reformatted; notes omitted, wording unchanged. This excerpt is provided under the same license.
Polycarp, Philippians 9:1–2
J. B. Lightfoot · 1891
Polycarp, Philippians. J. B. Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers, edited and completed by J. R. Harmer (Macmillan, 1891), p. 180. Public-domain translation. Transcription: Early Christian Writings; checked against the printed edition.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Tractate Semachot 2:7, 11, 13
A. Cohen · Soncino, 1965
The Minor Tractates of the Talmud, translated by A. Cohen (London: Soncino Press, 1965), as identified by Sefaria. Sefaria transcription licensed CC BY 3.0. Excerpted and reformatted with highlights; editorial footnotes omitted, translation wording retained. Source: Sefaria (linked edition and revision history).
Suetonius, Augustus 13
J. C. Rolfe · 1913
Suetonius, Life of Augustus. Translated by J. C. Rolfe, Loeb Classical Library (1913). Public-domain translation; transcription by Bill Thayer, LacusCurtius. Website notes omitted.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Suetonius, Augustus 44
J. C. Rolfe · 1913
Suetonius, Life of Augustus. Translated by J. C. Rolfe, Loeb Classical Library (1913). Public-domain translation; transcription by Bill Thayer, LacusCurtius. Website notes omitted.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Tacitus, Annals 15.44
Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb · Perseus
Tacitus, Annals. Translated by Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb. Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University; canonical-latinLit transcription, CC BY-SA 4.0. Excerpted and reformatted; marginal heading omitted; passage wording unchanged. This excerpt is provided under the same license.
Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin 46b · burial discussion
Michael L. Rodkinson · abridged translation
Babylonian Talmud, Tract Sanhedrin, translated by Michael L. Rodkinson, pp. 141–143. Public-domain translation in the USA. Sacred Texts transcription (1918 printing), checked against the scanned New Talmud Publishing Company edition. Formatting and highlights added; footnote marker omitted.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Tertullian, Prescription Against Heretics 32
Peter Holmes · ANF 3 (1885)
Tertullian, Prescription Against Heretics. Translated by Peter Holmes. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 3 (1885). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Tertullian, Scorpiace 15
S. Thelwall · ANF 3 (1885)
Tertullian, Scorpiace. Translated by S. Thelwall. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 3 (1885). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Tertullian, De Spectaculis 30
S. Thelwall · ANF 3 (1885)
Tertullian, De Spectaculis. Translated by S. Thelwall. Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 3 (1885). Public-domain text, via Tertullian.org.
Public-domain basis documented in shared reader review · Source edition
Jerusalem Talmud Sotah 3:4:7
Heinrich W. Guggenheimer · 2005
Heinrich W. Guggenheimer, The Jerusalem Talmud: Tractates Sotah and Nedarim (De Gruyter, 2005). Publisher edition: CC BY 4.0. Sefaria transcription: CC BY, under its Attribution 3.0 terms. Excerpted and reformatted with highlights; editorial footnotes omitted, translation wording retained. Source: Sefaria (linked edition and revision history).
CC BY 4.0 publisher / CC-BY Sefaria metadata · Source edition
Berean Standard Bible
Berean Standard Bible
Berean official terms checked 2026-09-07: texts dedicated to public domain April 30, 2023. Applies to bundled books of this edition.
Berean Literal Bible
Berean Literal Bible
Berean official terms checked 2026-09-07: texts dedicated to public domain April 30, 2023. Applies to bundled books of this edition.
Sanhedrin 43a:19–21
William Davidson Edition - English
William Davidson Edition / Koren Noé Talmud, Rabbi Adin Even-Israel Steinsaltz. Via Sefaria. Excerpted and reformatted; wording unchanged. CC BY-NC 4.0.
Edition inventory reviewed September 7, 2026. Machine-readable inventory